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str_pad

(PHP 4 >= 4.0.1, PHP 5)

str_pad --  Дополняет строку другой строкой до заданной длины

Описание

string str_pad ( string input, int pad_length [, string pad_string [, int pad_type]] )

Эта функция возвращает строку input, дополненную слева, справа или с обоих сторон до заданной аргументом pad_length длины строкой pad_string. По умолчанию pad_string содержит пробел.

Необязательный аргумент pad_type может иметь значение STR_PAD_RIGHT, STR_PAD_LEFT или STR_PAD_BOTH, по умолчанию STR_PAD_RIGHT.

Если pad_length меньше длины строки input, строка возвращается без изменений.

Пример 1. Пример использования str_pad()

<?php
$input = "Alien";
echo str_pad($input, 10);                      // выводит "Alien     "
echo str_pad($input, 10, "-=", STR_PAD_LEFT);  // выводит "-=-=-Alien"
echo str_pad($input, 10, "_", STR_PAD_BOTH);   // выводит "__Alien___"
echo str_pad($input, 6 , "___");               // выводит "Alien_"
?>

Замечание: pad_string может быть обрезан, если необходимое количество дополнительных символов не делится нацело на длину строки pad_string.



str_repeat> <str_ireplace
Last updated: Sat, 27 Jan 2007
 
add a note add a note User Contributed Notes
str_pad
Spudley
18-Jul-2007 08:47
Warning: If your string includes non-ascii characters (eg the British pounds sign), str_pad() will treat these as two characters when calculating the padding.

So for example:
<?php
str_pad($currency_symbol.$showtottopay,12," ",STR_PAD_LEFT);
?>
will produce a different length string depending on whether $currency_symbol is pounds or dollars.

Hope this helps someone -- it caused me a lot of problems with misaligned columns in my invoices until I worked it out.
christian dot reinecke at web dot de
01-Apr-2007 10:43
Fills the first argument (mostly a number, f.e. from a <select> loop to display a date or time) with zeroes.

<?php
function zerofill($mStretch, $iLength = 2)
{
    $sPrintfString = '%0' . (int)$iLength . 's';
    return sprintf($sPrintfString, $mStretch);
}
?>

sprintf() is indeed faster than str_pad.
Charles
05-Dec-2006 03:53
More corrections to the original flap / Tomek Krzeminski code below (well someone has to check it!) -- the code is a bit mangled but it is still the same:

<?php

function mb_str_pad($ps_input, $pn_pad_length, $ps_pad_string = " ", $pn_pad_type = STR_PAD_RIGHT, $ps_encoding = NULL) {
  $ret = "";

  if (is_null($ps_encoding))
    $ps_encoding = mb_internal_encoding();

  $hn_length_of_padding = $pn_pad_length - mb_strlen($ps_input, $ps_encoding);
  $hn_psLength = mb_strlen($ps_pad_string, $ps_encoding); // pad string length
  
  if ($hn_psLength <= 0 || $hn_length_of_padding <= 0) {
    // Padding string equal to 0:
    //
    $ret = $ps_input;
    }
  else {
    $hn_repeatCount = floor($hn_length_of_padding / $hn_psLength); // how many times repeat

    if ($pn_pad_type == STR_PAD_BOTH) {
      $hs_lastStrLeft = "";
      $hs_lastStrRight = "";
      $hn_repeatCountLeft = $hn_repeatCountRight = ($hn_repeatCount - $hn_repeatCount % 2) / 2;

      $hs_lastStrLength = $hn_length_of_padding - 2 * $hn_repeatCountLeft * $hn_psLength; // the rest length to pad
      $hs_lastStrLeftLength = $hs_lastStrRightLength = floor($hs_lastStrLength / 2);      // the rest length divide to 2 parts
      $hs_lastStrRightLength += $hs_lastStrLength % 2; // the last char add to right side

      $hs_lastStrLeft = mb_substr($ps_pad_string, 0, $hs_lastStrLeftLength, $ps_encoding);
      $hs_lastStrRight = mb_substr($ps_pad_string, 0, $hs_lastStrRightLength, $ps_encoding);

      $ret = str_repeat($ps_pad_string, $hn_repeatCountLeft) . $hs_lastStrLeft;
      $ret .= $ps_input;
      $ret .= str_repeat($ps_pad_string, $hn_repeatCountRight) . $hs_lastStrRight;
      }
    else {
      $hs_lastStr = mb_substr($ps_pad_string, 0, $hn_length_of_padding % $hn_psLength, $ps_encoding); // last part of pad string

      if ($pn_pad_type == STR_PAD_LEFT)
        $ret = str_repeat($ps_pad_string, $hn_repeatCount) . $hs_lastStr . $ps_input;
      else
        $ret = $ps_input . str_repeat($ps_pad_string, $hn_repeatCount) . $hs_lastStr;
      }
    }

  return $ret;
  }

?>
flap
26-Sep-2006 01:59
here is some extension to Tomek Krzeminski example. It works correctly when length of pad_string is greater than 1
(orig by Tomek Krzeminski)

function m_str_pad($input, $pad_length, $pad_string = '', $pad_type = 1, $charset = null){
    $str = '';
      
    if ($charset==null)
        $charset = mb_internal_encoding();
      
    $length = $pad_length - mb_strlen($input, $charset);
   
    $psLength = mb_strlen($pad_string); // pad string length
   
    if ($psLength<=0 OR $length<=0){
        // pad string equal 0
        $str = $input;
    }else{
        // pad string AND space to padding is greater than 1
        $repeatCount = floor($length/$psLength); // how many times repeat
        $lastStr = substr($pad_string, 0, $length%$psLength); // last part of pad string
       
        if($pad_type == STR_PAD_RIGHT){
            $str = $input.str_repeat($pad_string, $repeatCount).$lastStr;
        } elseif($pad_type == STR_PAD_LEFT){
            $str = str_repeat($pad_string, $repeatCount).$lastStr.$input;
        } elseif($pad_type == STR_PAD_BOTH){
            $repeatCountLeft = 0;
            $repeatCountRight = 0;
            $lastStrLeft = '';
            $lastStrRight = '';
           
            if ($repeatCount%2==0){
                // if is divisible 2
                $repeatCountLeft = $repeatCountRight = floor($repeatCount/2);
            }else{
                // if not - has to dive to 2 same parts
                $repeatCountLeft = $repeatCountRight = floor(($repeatCount-1)/2);
            }
           
            $lastStrLength = $length-2*$repeatCountLeft*$psLength; // the rest length to pad
            $lastStrLeftLength = $lastStrRightLength = floor($lastStrLength/2); // ther rest length divide to 2 parts
            $lastStrRightLength += $lastStrLength%2; // the last char add to right side
           
            $lastStrLeft = substr($pad_string, 0, $lastStrLeftLength);
            $lastStrRight = substr($pad_string, 0, $lastStrRightLength);
           
            $str  = str_repeat($pad_string,$repeatCountLeft).$lastStrLeft;
            $str .= $input;
            $str .= str_repeat($pad_string,$repeatCountRight).$lastStrRight;
        } else{
            $str = str_repeat($pad_string, $repeatCount).$lastStr.$input;
        }
    }
     
    return $str;
}
rafaeljaquestudojunto at gmail dot com
11-Sep-2006 05:43
Looking forward to make some dynamic tabulation, i've noticed that the output appeared twice. I suppose that the parser recognize \t, \n and any other special character as a single character...

So.. If you need 4 tabulatins, just make...

<?php

print str_pad('',4,"\t");

?>
Silvio Ginter (silvio dot ginter at gmx dot de)
15-Nov-2005 08:43
Hello,

i updated the function in my last post. it should be much more performant now.

<?php

$string = 'this is a test';
$oldLen = strlen($string);
$direction = STR_PAD_BOTH;
echo $string.'<br>';
echo str_const_len($string, 101, '#', $direction).'<br>';
echo $string.'<br>';
echo str_const_len($string, $oldLen, '#', $direction).'<br>';
echo $string.'<br><br>'."\n";

   
   
/*     This function is an extension to str_pad, it manipulates the referenced
    string '$str' and stretches or reduces it to the specified length. It
    returns the number of characters, that were added or stripped. */
function str_const_len(&$str, $len, $char = ' ', $str_pad_const = STR_PAD_RIGHT) {
    $origLen = strlen($str);
    if (strlen($str) < $len) {     /* stretch string */
        $str = str_pad($str, $len, $char, $str_pad_const);
    }
    else {                         /* reduce string */
        switch ($str_pad_const) {
            case STR_PAD_LEFT:
                $str = substr($str, (strlen($str) - $len), $len);
                break;
            case STR_PAD_BOTH:
                $shorten = (int) ((strlen($str) - $len) / 2);
                $str = substr($str, $shorten, $len);
                break;
            default:
                $str = substr($str, 0, $len);
                break;
        }
    }
    return ($len - $origLen);
}
?>
Silvio Ginter (silvio dot ginter at gmx dot de)
15-Nov-2005 07:53
Hello,

for anyone who needs this, I wrote this extension to str_pad. For details, just look at the comments.

<?php

$string = 'this is a test';
$oldLen = strlen($string);
$direction = STR_PAD_BOTH;
echo $string.'<br>';
echo str_const_len($string, 100, '#', $direction).'<br>';
echo $string.'<br>';
echo str_const_len($string, $oldLen, '#', $direction).'<br>';
echo $string.'<br><br>'."\n";

/*     This function is an extension to str_pad. It manipulates the referenced
    string '$str' and stretches or reduces it to the specified length. It
    returns the number of characters, that were added or stripped. */
function str_const_len(&$str, $len, $char = ' ', $str_pad_const = STR_PAD_RIGHT) {
    $dir = STR_PAD_RIGHT;
    $origLen = strlen($str);
    if (strlen($str) < $len) {     /* stretch string */
        $str = str_pad($str, $len, $char, $str_pad_const);
    }
    else {                         /* reduce string */
        switch ($str_pad_const) {
            case STR_PAD_LEFT:
                $str = substr($str, (strlen($str) - $len), $len);
                break;
            case STR_PAD_BOTH:
                /* reduce on both sides, beginning with the right one. */
                while (strlen($str) > $len) {
                    if ($dir == STR_PAD_RIGHT) {
                        $str = substr($str, 0, (strlen($str) - 1));
                        $dir = STR_PAD_LEFT;
                    }
                    else {
                        $str = substr($str, 1);
                        $dir = STR_PAD_RIGHT;
                    }
                }
                break;
            default:
                $str = substr($str, 0, $len);
                break;
        }
    }
    return ($len - $origLen);
}
?>
Michal Nazarewicz, min86 at tlen dot pl
24-Sep-2005 03:27
Re ks:
Your function does something different if $padchar is not a chararcter but rather a string. Still, however, private's function may be simplified:

<?php
function str_pad_right($str, $pad, $len) {
    return $str . str_pad('', $len, $pad);
}
function str_pad_left($str, $pad, $len) {
    return str_pad('', $len, $pad) . $str;
}
function str_pad_both($str, $pad, $len) {
    return ($s = str_pad('', $len, $pad)) . $str . $s;
}
?>
ks
11-Aug-2005 12:57
in reply to private dot email at optusnet dot com dot au:

you are defying the point of padding by adding a fixed amount of characters!

anyways, your functions are equivalent to the much simpler form of e.g.:

<?php

function str_pad_right($string, $padchar, $int) {
   return $str . str_repeat($padchar, $int);
}

?>
private dot email at optusnet dot com dot au
10-Aug-2005 05:04
I wrote these 3 functions that live in a library i include in every programme. I find them useful, and the syntax is easy.

<?php

$str = "test";

function str_pad_right ( $string , $padchar , $int ) {
    $i = strlen ( $string ) + $int;
    $str = str_pad ( $string , $i , $padchar , STR_PAD_RIGHT );
    return $str;
}
   
function str_pad_left ( $string , $padchar , $int ) {
    $i = strlen ( $string ) + $int;
    $str = str_pad ( $string , $i , $padchar , STR_PAD_LEFT );
    return $str;
}
   
function str_pad_both ( $string , $padchar , $int ) {
    $i = strlen ( $string ) + ( $int * 2 );
    $str = str_pad ( $string , $i , $padchar , STR_PAD_BOTH );
    return $str;
}

echo str_pad_left ( $str , "-" , 3 ); // Produces: ---test
echo str_pad_right ( $str , "-" , 3 ); // Produces: test---
echo str_pad_both ( $str , "-" , 3 ); // Produces: ---test---
?>

Hope this can help someone!
Anloc <info NOSPAM at anloc dot net>
19-May-2005 09:41
Tomek Krzeminski's iconv_str_pad modified for php 4 (iconv_strlen only works for php 5) courtesy of www.anloc.net

   function iconv_str_pad( $input, $pad_length, $pad_string = '', $pad_type = 1, $charset = "UTF-8" )
   {
       $str = '';
//       $length = $pad_length - iconv_strlen( $input, $charset );
        $length = $pad_length - preg_match_all('/./u', $input, $dummy);
       if( $length > 0)
       {
           if( $pad_type == STR_PAD_RIGHT )
           {
               $str = $input . str_repeat( $pad_string, $length );
           } elseif( $pad_type == STR_PAD_LEFT )
           {
               $str = str_repeat( $pad_string, $length ) . $input;
           } elseif( $pad_type == STR_PAD_BOTH )
           {
               $str = str_repeat( $pad_string, floor( $length / 2 ));
               $str .= $input;
               $str .= str_repeat( $pad_string, ceil( $length / 2 ));
           } else
           {
               $str = str_repeat( $pad_string, $length ) . $input;
           }
       } else
       {
           $str = $input;
       }

       return $str;
   }
zubfatal <root at it dot dk>
27-Mar-2005 09:28
<?php
    /**
     * str_pad_html - Pad a string to a certain length with another string.
     * accepts HTML code in param: $strPadString.
     *
     * @name        str_pad_html()
     * @author        Tim Johannessen <root@it.dk>
     * @version        1.0.0
     * @param        string    $strInput    The array to iterate through, all non-numeric values will be skipped.
     * @param        int    $intPadLength    Padding length, must be greater than zero.
     * @param        string    [$strPadString]    String to pad $strInput with (default: &nbsp;)
     * @param        int        [$intPadType]        STR_PAD_LEFT, STR_PAD_RIGHT (default), STR_PAD_BOTH
     * @return        string    Returns the padded string
    **/
    function str_pad_html($strInput = "", $intPadLength, $strPadString = "&nbsp;", $intPadType = STR_PAD_RIGHT) {
        if (strlen(trim(strip_tags($strInput))) < intval($intPadLength)) {
           
            switch ($intPadType) {
                 // STR_PAD_LEFT
                case 0:
                    $offsetLeft = intval($intPadLength - strlen(trim(strip_tags($strInput))));
                    $offsetRight = 0;
                    break;
                   
                // STR_PAD_RIGHT
                case 1:
                    $offsetLeft = 0;
                    $offsetRight = intval($intPadLength - strlen(trim(strip_tags($strInput))));
                    break;
                   
                // STR_PAD_BOTH
                case 2:
                    $offsetLeft = intval(($intPadLength - strlen(trim(strip_tags($strInput)))) / 2);
                    $offsetRight = round(($intPadLength - strlen(trim(strip_tags($strInput)))) / 2, 0);
                    break;
                   
                // STR_PAD_RIGHT
                default:
                    $offsetLeft = 0;
                    $offsetRight = intval($intPadLength - strlen(trim(strip_tags($strInput))));
                    break;
            }
           
            $strPadded = str_repeat($strPadString, $offsetLeft) . $strInput . str_repeat($strPadString, $offsetRight);
            unset($strInput, $offsetLeft, $offsetRight);
           
            return $strPadded;
        }
       
        else {
            return $strInput;
        }
    }

?>
Tomek Krzeminski
03-Feb-2005 01:20
for those who want to pad strings in UTF-8 charset (for example)
(orig by bob)
---------------
    private function iconv_str_pad( $input, $pad_length, $pad_string = '', $pad_type = 1, $charset = "UTF-8" )
    {
        $str = '';
        $length = $pad_length - iconv_strlen( $input, $charset );
       
        if( $length > 0)
        {
            if( $pad_type == STR_PAD_RIGHT )
            {
                $str = $input . str_repeat( $pad_string, $length );
            } elseif( $pad_type == STR_PAD_LEFT )
            {
                $str = str_repeat( $pad_string, $length ) . $input;
            } elseif( $pad_type == STR_PAD_BOTH )
            {
                $str = str_repeat( $pad_string, floor( $length / 2 ));
                $str .= $input;
                $str .= str_repeat( $pad_string, ceil( $length / 2 ));
            } else
            {
                $str = str_repeat( $pad_string, $length ) . $input;
            }
        } else
        {
            $str = $input;
        }
       
        return $str;
    }
02-Nov-2004 05:15
I just looked at bob[at]bobarmadillo[dot]coms version of str_pad and notice that he dint take into account the length of the padded string. He's assumed this is a single character, which the examples show it to be a string of characters.
giorgio dot balestrieri at mail dot wind dot it
16-Sep-2004 02:06
str_pad vs. sprintf 2nd round :)

After to have seen Rex and Squeegee results, I've ran the code again, using different OSs and PHP version.
Here my results:

OpenBSD & PHP 4.3.4

str_pad test started, please wait...
str_pad cycle completed in 88 seconds
sprintf test started, please wait...
sprintf cycle completed in 69 seconds

Windows XP & PHP 5.0.0

str_pad test started, please wait...
str_pad cycle completed in 33 seconds
sprintf test started, please wait...
sprintf cycle completed in 27 seconds

RedHat Linux 7.3 & PHP 4.3.3

str_pad test started, please wait...
str_pad cycle completed in 63 seconds
sprintf test started, please wait...
sprintf cycle completed in 43 seconds

sprintf seem to be faster yet, but considering Rex and Squeegee test, this cannot be considered always true... somebody want try more? Only to understand why... :)
tacomage at NOSPAM dot devilishly-deviant dot net
07-Jul-2004 08:04
If you want to pad a string to a certain screen length with &nbsp; or other HTML entities, but don't want to risk messing up any HTML characters inside the string, try this:

<?
function str_pad_as_single($input, $len, $pad, $flag=STR_PAD_RIGHT)
{
  $trans=array('$'=>$input,' '=>$pad);
  $output=str_pad('$',$len-strlen($input)+1,' ',$flag);
  $output=strtr($output,$trans);
  return $output;
}
echo str_pad_as_single('<img src="some.gif">',22,'&nbsp;');
// will output <img src="some.gif">&nbsp;&nbsp;

echo str_pad_as_single('<img src="some.gif">',22,'&nbsp;',STR_PAD_BOTH);
// will output &nbsp;<img src="some.gif">&nbsp;

echo str_pad_as_single('<img src="some.gif">',22,'&nbsp;',STR_PAD_LEFT);
// will output &nbsp;&nbsp;<img src="some.gif">
?>

It works by using single characters for str_pad, then replacing the characters with the full strings using strtr, so the two strings can't interfere with each other.  It also conveniently has the same syntax as str_pad.  Yes, I realize that spacing an image with text isn't the best idea, but it's just an example, it'll apply to other HTML as well :-P
giorgio dot balestrieri at mail dot wind dot it
09-Mar-2004 08:49
For number formatting (like writing numbers with leading zeroes etc.) , sprintf is much faster than str_pad.
Consider the following snippet (it take some minutes to run):

<?
  echo "str_pad test started, please wait...\n";
 
  $intStart = time();
  for ($idx = 1; $idx <= 10000000; $idx++)
    $strFoo = str_pad($idx, 10, "0", STR_PAD_LEFT);
  $intEnd = time();
 
  echo "str_pad cycle completed in " . ($intEnd - $intStart) . " seconds\n";
  echo "sprintf test started, please wait...\n"; 
 
  $intStart = time();
  for ($idx = 1; $idx <= 10000000; $idx++)
    $strFoo = sprintf("%010d", $idx);
  $intEnd = time();
 
  echo "sprintf cycle completed in " . ($intEnd - $intStart) . " seconds\n";
?>

The str_pad cyle runs 80-100% slower on my pc...
anon at example dot com
30-May-2003 10:50
alternatively use substr_replace to zero pad:

    $new_id = substr_replace("00000", $id, -1 * strlen($id));
ed at bigoakpictures dot com
07-May-2003 03:25
Combining it into a handy one liner could be:

$string = str_replace(" ", "&nbsp;", str_pad($string, 10, " ", STR_PAD_BOTH));
tharkos at telefonica dot net
02-Apr-2003 09:24
I think the simply way to print the special HTML character &nbsp; as string is usin the conversion types.

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